Published Papers

Volume 31 - Issue 2 (ICEE Special Issue)
Special Issue Papers

Assessing the critical inertial energy based on a frequency indicator with the inertia reinforcement using grid-forming inverter-based renewables

Nguyen Ngoc Duc, Lim Hyun Woo and Shim Jae Woong
Pages: 1-8Published: 26 Feb 2025
DOI: 10.33430/V31N2ICEE23-JY285
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Nguyen ND, Lim HW and Shim JW, Assessing the critical inertial energy based on a frequency indicator with the inertia reinforcement using grid-forming inverter-based renewables, HKIE Transactions, Vol. 31, No. 2 (ICEE Special Issue), Article ICEE23-JY285, 2025, 10.33430/V31N2ICEE23-JY285

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Abstract:

This paper aims to introduce a method for calculating the critical inertial energy of a power system operator, as well as to analyse the impact of incorporating grid-forming inverter-based renewable energy sources (RESs) on the frequency stability of the power grid. Critical inertial energy is defined as the minimum level of inertial energy needed to keep the power system stable during disturbances. The research employs a dynamic simulation method to assess the critical inertial energy of a reference system and the impact of grid-forming inverter-based sources on frequency stability. The findings indicate that grid-forming technology can mimic synchronous generators regarding the frequency response during contingency scenarios. The technique introduced in this study can serve as an approximation method to calculate the inertial energy requirements for other nations' power systems. The outcomes of this paper could assist in establishing a Net-Zero power grid with a high proportion of grid-forming renewable energy sources.

Keywords:

Critical inertia; kinetic energy; frequency response; frequency stability; grid forming; inertia constant

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